This is what is known about casino slot machines:
- How To Slot Machines Work
- Slot Machines How They Work
- Slot Machines And How They Work
- Slot Machines How Do They Work
Slot machines don’t become due for a win when they haven’t paid out in a long while, and they also don’t become hot and start paying out more. Every spin is like a single coin toss or a single roll of the dice—the outcome is independent of all the outcomes prior to it. The location of the slot machine in the casino matters. On the games where you can choose to drop your coin onto a naked area of the tray, presumably most players will do so, so the coins won't stack very high. But in Flip-It games where your coin is flipped by spinners onto the trays, many of those coins are going to stack on top of other coins. They also believe the opposite is true; if a machine runs cold for hours, then it’s ‘due’ for a big payoff. But if you look inside modern slot machines, you learn the cold hard truth. Every single pull of the lever has equal odds of winning, and those odds are steep. Modern slots have replaced the gears, cranks and stoppers with precision step motors and random number generators (RNG). When you pull the crank on a modern slot, a built-in RNG selects three numbers between one and 64. Each number corresponds to one of 22 spots on the three reels.
The RNG (Random Number Generator)
The Random Number Generator (RNG) is the brains of the slot machine. While most player know that there is a computer chip picking the numbers, they do not fully understand how it works and this can lead to some of the many myths and misconceptions about a slot machine. One of the most common myths is that a machine has a cycle that can let a player know when it is due to hit. – This is completely false and heres why. Inside the slot machine is a microprocessor similar to the one in your home computer. Instead of running Word or Excel, it runs a special program known as the RNG. This generates numbers to correspond to the symbols on the reel of the slot machine and decides the outcome of the game cycle. You might say that the RNG is in perpetual motion. As long as there is power to the machine it is constantly selecting random numbers every millisecond. The RNG generates a value between 0 and 4 billion (approx number) which is then translated into a specific set of numbers to correspond to the symbols on the reels. The outcome of each spin is determined by the number selected by the RNG. This number is chosen with the 1st hit of the spin button or 1st deposit of a coin. The RNG uses a formula known as an algorithm which is a series of instructions for generating the numbers. The scope of this is beyond most of our mathematical knowledge but can be checked and varified for accuracy. This is done by the Casino Control Board and other testing laboratories to make sure that the program performs as it should so the player will not be cheated. While all of this may sound reasonable it still does not give the normal person any basic understanding about how the RNG works. I would like to try to explain it in a simplified manner that I think most of us can relate to. Although this is not precisely how the RNG operates it should give you a basic understanding of the principles of how the winning spins are determined and how little affect the payout percentage chip installed in a slot machine actually has. Reel type slot machines have a number of spaces and stops on each reel that contain either a symbol or blank. These are refereed to as the physical stops. Most of the old mechanical machines had reels that could hold 20 symbols while the modern slots have reels with 22 physical stops. The micro processing technology allows the newer machines to be able to accommodate a large number of “Virtual stops”. I will try to simplify things by saying this: Imagine that there are only 10 stops on each reel. With 10 stops there can be 1,000 different combinations. We get this number by multiplying the number of symbols on each reel. (10 x 10 x 10 = 1,000) The 1,000 combinations that can be attained are known as a cycle and this is the word that sometimes confuses a player into thinking that the machine has cycles of winning and losing. The odds of a three number combination being picked are one in a thousand. Theoretically if you play 1,000 spins you should see each of these number combinations once. However we all know that this is not the case. If you played a million spins you would see that the numbers would even out to be closer to the actual probability. This is similar to flipping a coin 100 times. Although the odds are 50 -50 you are unlikely to see 50 heads and 50 tails after 100 flips. This is similiar to a Daily pick 3 lottery drawing. They have three glass bowls or drums each containing ten balls numbered 0 -9. The balls are mixed up and when the top is lifted a ball pops up the tube showing you the first number. This is repeated for the second and third number to give you a three digit winning combination. To use this as an example of the operation of the slot machine, we will replace the numbers 0 -9 on the balls with slot symbols. In each bowl, we will have one ball with the jackpot symbol on it. Two balls with a Bar, three balls with a cherry and four balls which are blank. Imagine the RNG in the slot machine as the person drawing the winning combination. Here is the breakdown of the number of times out of a thousand that the winning combination made.
- 3 Jackpot 1 (1x1x1)
- 3 Bars 8 (2x2x2)
- 3 Cherries 27 (3x3x3)
- Total Wins 37
- There are 963 losing combinations consists of:
- 3 blanks
- 2 blanks and a symbol.
- 1 blank and two different symbols.
- 3 mixed symbols.
The RNG picks these combinations of numbers thousands of times each second. Now imagine a string of blinking lights where only one bulb can be lit at a time. The electrical current is zipping from bulb to bulb down the string. When you push a button the current stops moving and the bulb in that position lights up. In this example the light represents the three digit number just picked by the RNG. If you hesitated a second before pushing the button the results would be different. This is the same as you getting up from a machine and seeing someone else sit down and hit the jackpot. The chances are astronomical that you would have hit the spin button at the exact same millisecond.
![How How](https://playeraddict.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/slot3.jpeg)
![Slot Slot](https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Ol6uoNG4nhU/hqdefault.jpg)
All this comes down to this:
The percentage chip payout is based over the life of the machine. The expected service of any Commercial slot machine is at least 40 million game cycles. It might pay back 500% today and 10% tomorrow. It could also pay 180% for a month straight and then 2% for a year. The average will equal the percentage chip installed in the main board. This is why when you are at a casino you can dump $1000 or more in a slot machine, take a 5 minute walk to the restroom and when you return to the machine you were playing you see someone else sitting there with a smile from ear to ear because they just won a jackpot that should belong to you, after all the money thats in the machine was yours, wasn’t it?
Slot Terms and what they mean
- PAR = Paytable and Reelstrip listing though it is widely refered to as the pay out percentage.
- HFRQ = Hit Frequency.
- PSR = A program summary report
From what I have learned, there are two factors that are figured into a slot machine to eventually come up with the PAR. One of those is the hit frequency and the other is the win frequency. They are mutually exclusive, Example: – If you have a high hit frequency, you will have a low win frequency, and if you have a high win frequency, you will have a low hit frequency. Hit frequency is how often the machine actually pays something, and win frequnecy is how often a big jackpot is paid. All of this shapes how volatile the machine is. The way I understand it is you can’t change those factors and not mess with the PAR, and that is part of what GLI checks with the math.
If you know what you are looking for, you can actually observe it during machine play. Compare the play on a Double Red White and Blue with a Triple Red White and Blue. While the theme sounds the same, the volatility of the machines are worlds apart. You should see lots of small payouts on the double RWB and few jackpots,and the opposite on the Triple RWB.
Hit frequency depends on how many of the possible combinations result in a win. If there are 262,144 possible combinations (a three reel, 64 positions per reel game). We may have, say 61,700 possible winning combinations (taken from a real game). For the example given, on the average about 23% of the games will result in a win of some kind.
The hold of the game may be altered by either changing the number of winning combinations, or changing how much gets paid on a certain win. The first can be done without a change in the Pay Table. The second will reflect as a change in the pay Table.
All reel games I have ever seen have many possible combinations to give a different Hold. The intention is that a different denomination for a given game be set to a given Hold. A casino can choose to have 2.5% of a dollar, or 10% of a quarter, and so on, each giving the casino about the same revenue per coin played.
Hit frequency varies more according to different games than within a given game. A higher hit frequency makes a game more exciting The pay awards are usually lower, but coming more often. A lower hit frequency game usually has higher payouts, but is hit less often. Both games can have the same Hold.
Hit frequency depends on how many of the possible combinations result in a win. If there are 262,144 possible combinations (a three reel, 64 positions per reel game). We may have, say 61,700 possible winning combinations (taken from a real game)”
Jackpot casino free coins. So I gather that “positions” mean symbols on the reel and Is that a typical amount of combinations? (64 ^3)
My Experience with hands on debugging of many micoporcessors and some limited programming. It seems to me with todays video processing power it could be a huge number of positions and combinations. ( I mean the reels don’t actually spin any more, its more just scrolling video data. The same goes for the RNG (Random Number Generator). To put it in layman terms, how many positions/possible combinations would a “money to burn”, “winning bid”, “jackpot party”, etc have?
Well, Generally there are aproximately 32 positions per reel. (Ok 5 reels = a really big number.
High jackpot value = really low hit rate on the Jackpot, but lots of small wins.
Most of the hardware is pretty standard microprocessor circuits with only a few bells and whistles added. De-engineering is seldom difficult if you have done it before. Dis-assembling firmware is time consuming but an excellent learning experience. You really get a good understanding of how the game works.
Most Stepper (reel) games have only 22 reel stops including the blanks. However, virtual numbers are assigned to the reel stops. which means that the reels can be weighted. As an example assign more virtual numbers to the blank spaces on a slot machine reel. (usually blank spaces around the symbols for the top award) This of course intices players to stay at a machine for longer periods. Im not totally sure but with the memory limitations on IGT S+ machines highest number of virtual reel stops is 64^3 however on video reel machines appear to have as many as 88 reel stops (no virtual stops for video since they are virtual reels) now the strange thing is that they can have more reel stops for some reels than others. eg:
A game with 5 reels can have 60 stops for the 5th reel 70 for the 4th 72 for the 2nd and 3rd and 88 for the 1st this would yeild 1,916,006,400 reel combos. thats a whole lot to work with. you could imagine the possibilities in tweaking either the PAR or HFRQ by fractions of a %. – All This is just my opinion, of course!
Gambling is making its way through the US as sports betting expands and states allow the construction of new casinos. What was once a tourist attraction for Vegas or Atlantic City visitors is now a popular pastime.
While sports betting is making the most headway in the US, online casinos and land-based gaming are making more gradual moves to new markets. Illinois recently allowed for the construction of six new casinos while nearby Michigan is gearing up to launch online casinos.
And where there are casinos, be they land-based or online, there are also slots. The glitzy, ring-dinging contraptions are often a source of confusion for rookie gamblers. But slots are actually fairly easy to understand, and I’ve compiled a beginner’s guide so you know how they work and what to expect when you spin the reels.
Are Slot Machines Rigged?
This is the first question many slot players have, and it’s a fair one. Slot machines are not “rigged” in the sense that the casino chooses when a jackpot or big win hits.
How To Slot Machines Work
Slots are games of chance, just like blackjack, craps, sports betting, or poker. But the mechanics of slot games vary, and the house edge is bigger when you play slots compared to most table games.
The House Edge
The house edge is the profit a casino (or online casino site) makes on each bet you place. You can still win money; the house edge represents a percentage of all bets placed and what the casino will make on those based on the match of a given game.
Online slots and slot machines have a house edge ranging from 2% to 15%, though the 5-10% range is most common. By comparison, blackjack usually has a house edge of 0.5% and double zero roulette sits around 5%.
How To Play
It’s easy enough to sit down at a slot machine, put $20, and spin. But understanding how the actual games work makes the experience much more fun.
Understanding Denominations
You might find slots that advertise themselves as “penny slots.” Even though the name may make you think they cost a penny per spin, it’s not quite so simple. “Penny slots” mean that each pay line you’re betting on costs a penny. A pay line is a left-to-right pathway that connects symbols on the reels. Some are straight lines and some taking a more winding path, such as in the shape of a “W.”
When you play a slot, you choose how many lines to bet on, and this varies based on the slot you’re playing. Some have 243 lines, some have 50, and there are plenty of others in between. The more paylines you hit on a given spin, the more you win.
The more you bet, the more pay lines you have access to. So if you’re max betting on a penny slot with 50 pay lines, each individual spin would cost you $.50.
The cost of each bet changes from one slot to the next, so always check the machine or online slot you’re playing to be sure you know where your money is going.
Symbols And Paylines
Every unique symbol on a slot machine has a specific value. If the symbol ends up in a pay line with identical symbols, you earn a payout based on the value of each one in the pay line.
Slots typically make their highest paying symbols images of the main character on which the slot is based or something similar. Perhaps a pot of gold on a leprechaun game. Lower-paying symbols are usually A, K, Q, J, and 10, similar to cards at a table game.
Spinning The Reels
This, of course, is the ultimate draw of slot machines. The reels blur as they spin into oblivion, then slow to a stop and hopefully get you a winning pay line (or multiple). Depending on how you play, you’ll have a few options for spinning.
Most slot machines have a button that kicks off the spin, while others have the traditional mechanical lever. Some have both, giving you an option. There’s no difference in outcome with either method, but it’s a unique thrill to pull the physical lever.
Rich casino no deposit bonus code. For online slots players, spinning usually comes in the form of a quick tap of the screen. Certain online slot themes let you auto spin, continuously repeating spins and automatically logging any wins.
Bonuses And Jackpots
If you’ve seen someone win big on a slot game, it’s likely thanks to a bonus or a jackpot. Though you might be inclined to think they’re the same thing, there are crucial differences.
Bonuses
Bonuses are triggered by events during normal slot play. This often means landing three specific bonus symbols on a single spin. There are countless ways to trigger a bonus, though, and slot makers are always thinking of new mechanics.
Bonuses take many shapes and sizes. Many give you a number of free spins with added flair, like a whole row of wild symbols or a payout multiplier.
In many cases, bonuses also give you the opportunity to win a jackpot.
Jackpots
Jackpots are the big wins, the multi-hundred or -thousand dollar hits that you see in movies and on TV. There are two common jackpot types.
Some jackpots can be hit during normal play, and others are triggered by bonuses.
Local Progressive Jackpots
Every time you spin the reels on a slot, you’re contributing to the larger jackpot pool. Machines usually have a top box component or a special area used to display the current jackpot levels.
Local jackpots take from either a single machine or a small group of slot machines, such as a bank of five neighboring machines. As a result, these jackpots don’t get quite as high as their wide area progressive counterparts but can still reach multiple thousands of dollars.
Slot Machines How They Work
Wide Area Progressive Or Linked Jackpots
Wide area progressive jackpots take from every dollar put into a large number of machines. Because they can pull from a wider pool of players (even across multiple casinos), these jackpots can reach much higher amounts. These are the jackpots that can reach hundreds of thousands of dollars or higher.
Slot Machines And How They Work
Need Help? Slots Have Guides Built-In
If you’re having trouble figuring out how a slot works, try clicking the “Help” or “?” button. Most video slots and all online slots have this option. It will open a page that tells you the value of each symbol, how to hit the bonuses, and more helpful info.
Slot Machines How Do They Work
If you’re playing on a mechanical slot machine on the casino floor, you can always ask a casino employee for more information.